Safiya
Egalik olmoshlari: mine, yours
Otni takrorlamasdan narsa kimniki ekanini aytish uchun: This bag is mine. A2
Egalik olmoshlari narsa kimniki ekanini aytadi va otning oʻrnini egallaydi: «Bu sumka meniki» — This bag is mine. Demak, mine = my + ot, yours = your + ot.
Olmoshlar: I → mine, you → yours, he → his, she → hers, we → ours, they → theirs.
Asosiy farq: my, your, her, our, their doim otdan oldin turadi: my phone, our house. mine, yours, hers, ours, theirs esa yolgʻiz turadi, ulardan keyin ot kelmaydi: This phone is mine. That house is ours.
Shakllar
noun + be + mine / yours / his / hers / ours / theirsThat red bike is mine.
Whose + noun + is this / are these?
— It's mine / hers. — They're ours.Whose jacket is this? — It's his.
a / an + noun + of + mine / yours / his / hers / ours / theirsAziz is a friend of mine.
Qachon ishlatiladi
Otni takrorlamasdan egasini aytish
- This isn't my bag. Mine is black. — Bu mening sumkam emas. Meniki qora.
- Is this phone yours? — No, it's hers. — Bu telefon senikimi? — Yoʻq, uniki.
Whose? (kimniki?) savoliga javob berish
- Whose keys are these? — They're ours. — Bu kimning kalitlari? — Bizniki.
Solishtirishda
- Your room is bigger than mine. — Sening xonang menikidan kattaroq.
- Their house is near ours. — Ularning uyi biznikiga yaqin.
a friend of mine — «doʻstlarimdan biri»
- Bobur is a friend of mine. — Bobur — doʻstlarimdan biri.
Oʻzbek tili bilan farqi
Bu mavzu oʻzbek tiliga juda oʻxshaydi: -niki qoʻshimchasi mine, yours kabi ishlaydi. meniki = mine, seniki / sizniki = yours, uniki = his / hers, bizniki = ours, ularniki = theirs. Farqi: oʻzbekcha «u» erkak uchun ham, ayol uchun ham bir xil, ingliz tilida esa tanlash kerak: his yoki hers. Xatolar odatda my («mening») va mine («meniki»)ni chalkashtirishdan chiqadi: «This book is my» emas, This book is mine.
Eslatmalar
- Apostrof qoʻyilmaydi: yours, hers, ours, theirs — your's, her's emas.
- his ikkala holatda bir xil: This is his book. The book is his.
- Odamning ismi bilan 's xuddi shunday ishlaydi: Whose bag is it? — It's Ali's.
- Egalik olmoshi gap boshida ham kela oladi: Mine is the blue one. Uning oldiga the yoki a qoʻyilmaydi.
Keng tarqalgan xatolar
- ✗ This book is my. ✓ This book is mine.
Olmoshdan keyin ot boʻlmasa, mine kerak; my faqat ot oldida turadi. - ✗ Mine phone is new. ✓ My phone is new.
Ot oldida my ishlatiladi, mine emas. - ✗ Is this pen your's? ✓ Is this pen yours?
yours apostrofsiz yoziladi. - ✗ Ali is a friend of me. ✓ Ali is a friend of mine.
«of»dan keyin egalik olmoshi: of mine.
Mini test
1. This isn't your pencil. It's ___. my / mine / me
Javob: mine. Keyin ot yoʻq, shuning uchun mine.
2. Is this Nilufar's bag? — Yes, it's ___. hers / her / her's
Javob: hers. Otsiz hers deyiladi, apostrofsiz.
3. ___ house is next to the school. Ours / Us / Our
Javob: Our. Ot (house) oldida our turadi.
4. Their flat is small, but ___ is big. our / ours / we
Javob: ours. ours = our flat, ot takrorlanmaydi.
5. Aziza is a friend of ___. me / my / mine
Javob: mine. Toʻgʻri ibora — a friend of mine.
По-русски: Притяжательные местоимения: mine, yours
Чтобы сказать, чьё это, не повторяя существительное: This bag is mine.
Притяжательные местоимения говорят, чьё это, и заменяют существительное: «Эта сумка моя» — This bag is mine. То есть mine = my + существительное, yours = your + существительное.
Формы: I → mine, you → yours, he → his, she → hers, we → ours, they → theirs.
Главное отличие: my, your, her, our, their всегда стоят перед существительным: my phone, our house. А mine, yours, hers, ours, theirs стоят самостоятельно, после них существительного нет: This phone is mine. That house is ours.
Сравнение с русским и узбекским
В русском одно и то же слово стоит и перед существительным, и самостоятельно: «мой телефон» и «телефон мой». В английском это две разные формы: my phone, но The phone is mine. Поэтому русскоязычные часто говорят «This phone is my». «Её» тоже переводится двумя способами: her bag, но the bag is hers. А «один мой друг» — a friend of mine (не «a friend of me»).
Bogʻliq mavzular
- Egalik soʻzlari: my, your, his, her A1
- Egalik shakli: 's A1
- Toʻldiruvchi olmoshlar A1
- Kishilik olmoshlari A1
- Oʻzlik olmoshlari: myself, yourself B1
Qisqa darslar, 12 ta oʻyin, hikoyalar va oʻzbek yoki rus tilida tushuntiradigan sunʼiy intellekt oʻqituvchisi — A1 dan IELTS gacha. Учите английский с Сафией — на узбекском или русском.