There is / there are: … bor

Biror joyda nimadir bor yoki yoʻqligini aytish uchun. A1

There is va there are biror joyda nimadir borligini aytadi: «Xonada stol bor» — There is a table in the room. Bu yerda there «u yerda» degani emas, u shunchaki gapni boshlab beradi.

Bitta narsa uchun there is (qisqasi there's): There's a cat in the garden. Koʻp narsa uchun there are: There are two cats in the garden.

Inkor: there isn't / there aren't. Savol: Is there…? / Are there…? Koʻplikda inkor va savolda koʻpincha any ishlatiladi: There aren't any shops here.

Shakllar

Tasdiq gap

There is (There's) + a / an + singular noun
There are + plural noun

There's a park near my school, and there are two cafes.

Inkor gap

There isn't a / an + singular noun
There aren't any + plural noun

There isn't a lift in our building.

Savol

Is there a / an + noun? — Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
Are there any + plural noun? — Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.

Are there any good cafes near here?

Qachon ishlatiladi

Biror joyda narsa yoki odam borligi

There is a big bazaar in our town. — Shahrimizda katta bozor bor.
There are 25 students in my class. — Sinfimda 25 ta oʻquvchi bor.

Biror narsa yoʻqligi

There isn't any milk in the fridge. — Muzlatgichda sut yoʻq.
There aren't any buses after midnight. — Yarim tundan keyin avtobus yoʻq.

Biror narsa bor-yoʻqligini soʻrash

Is there a pharmacy near here? — Yaqin atrofda dorixona bormi?
Are there any eggs? — Tuxum bormi?

Oʻzbek tili bilan farqi

Oʻzbek tilida «bor» va «yoʻq» gap oxirida keladi, joy esa boshida: Xonada stol bor. Ingliz tilida esa gap There is bilan boshlanadi, joy odatda oxirida: There is a table in the room. Shuning uchun «In the room is a table» yoki «There have a table» deb xato qilinadi. Yana bir farq: oʻzbekchada «bor» birlik va koʻplikda bir xil (bitta stol bor, uchta stol bor), ingliz tilida esa is va are farqlanadi.

Eslatmalar

Qisqa shakl faqat there is uchun: there's. There are qisqartirib yozilmaydi.
Aniq, maʼlum narsa haqida there is ishlatilmaydi: The book is on the table (There is the book… emas). There is bilan odatda a / an, some, any yoki son keladi.
Roʻyxatda feʼl birinchi narsaga qarab tanlanadi: There is a bed and two chairs. There are two chairs and a bed.
Kimningdir narsasi haqida there is emas, have got ishlatiladi: I've got a sister.

Keng tarqalgan xatolar

✗ In my room is a computer. ✓ There is a computer in my room.
Biror joyda nimadir borligi haqidagi gap There is bilan boshlanadi.
✗ There is two shops in our street. ✓ There are two shops in our street.
shops — koʻplik, shuning uchun there are.
✗ Is there any shops near here? ✓ Are there any shops near here?
Koʻplikda savol Are there… bilan boshlanadi.
✗ There have a park near my house. ✓ There is a park near my house.
there bilan have emas, is yoki are ishlatiladi.

Mini test

1. There ___ a cat on the sofa. are / is / have

Javob: is. a cat — bitta, shuning uchun is.

2. ___ there any eggs in the fridge? Is / Are / Do

Javob: Are. eggs — koʻplik, shuning uchun Are there.

3. There aren't ___ chairs in the classroom. any / a / some

Javob: any. Koʻplikdagi inkor gapda any ishlatiladi.

4. Is there a bank near here? — No, there ___. aren't / not / isn't

Javob: isn't. Savol Is there bilan, shuning uchun javob there isn't.

5. ___ three bedrooms in our new flat. There is / There are / They are

Javob: There are. three bedrooms — koʻplik, shuning uchun There are. They are boshqa maʼno.

По-русски: Оборот there is / there are

Чтобы сказать, что где-то что-то есть или чего-то нет.

There is и there are сообщают, что где-то что-то есть: «В комнате есть стол» — There is a table in the room. Здесь there не значит «там», оно просто начинает предложение.

Для одного предмета — there is (кратко there's): There's a cat in the garden. Для нескольких — there are: There are two cats in the garden.

Отрицание: there isn't / there aren't. Вопрос: Is there…? / Are there…? Во множественном числе в отрицаниях и вопросах обычно ставят any: There aren't any shops here.

Сравнение с русским и узбекским

В русском «есть» часто пропадает, и предложение начинается с места: «В комнате стол», «На столе книги». В английском так не говорят: нужен оборот there is / there are, а место обычно ставится в конце: There are books on the table. Типичная ошибка — дословное «In my town is a big park» вместо There is a big park in my town. И помните: русское «есть» не меняется, а в английском is (один) и are (много) различаются.

Bogʻliq mavzular

Ingliz tilini Safiya bilan oʻrganing

Qisqa darslar, 12 ta oʻyin, hikoyalar va oʻzbek yoki rus tilida tushuntiradigan sunʼiy intellekt oʻqituvchisi — A1 dan IELTS gacha. Учите английский с Сафией — на узбекском или русском.

Bepul boshlash Ilovani yuklab olish