Safiya
Have got: … bor (egalik)
Kimda nima borligini aytish uchun: narsalar, oila, tashqi koʻrinish, kasallik. A1
Have got «menda … bor» degani: I've got a bike — Mening velosipedim bor. U narsalar, oila aʼzolari, tashqi koʻrinish va kasallik haqida gapirganda ishlatiladi.
I, you, we, they bilan have got (qisqasi 've got), he, she, it bilan has got ('s got): She's got long hair.
Inkor: haven't got / hasn't got. Savolda have yoki has oldinga chiqadi: Have you got a pen? — Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. Qisqa javobda got aytilmaydi.
Shakllar
I / you / we / they + have got ('ve got)
he / she / it + has got ('s got)I've got two brothers. My sister has got a new phone.
I / you / we / they + haven't got
he / she / it + hasn't gotWe haven't got a car.
Have + I / you / we / they + got…? — Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.
Has + he / she / it + got…? — Yes, she has. / No, she hasn't.Has your brother got a laptop?
Qachon ishlatiladi
Narsalar va oila aʼzolari
- I've got a new bike. — Mening yangi velosipedim bor.
- Aziz has got three sisters. — Azizning uchta opa-singlisi bor.
Tashqi koʻrinish
- She's got brown eyes and long hair. — Uning koʻzlari jigarrang, sochi uzun.
- My dad has got a beard. — Dadamning soqoli bor.
Kasallik va muammolar
- I've got a headache. — Boshim ogʻriyapti.
- Have you got a cold? — Shamollab qoldingmi?
Oʻzbek tili bilan farqi
Oʻzbek tilida egalik qoʻshimchasi narsaning oʻziga qoʻshiladi va gap oxirida «bor» keladi: Mening akam bor. Ingliz tilida esa egasi (I, she) gap boshida turadi, «bor» maʼnosini feʼl beradi: I've got a brother. Shuning uchun «Mening mashinam bor» gapini «My car is» yoki «There is my car» deb tarjima qilish xato — toʻgʻrisi I've got a car. Yana: he, she, it bilan has got kerak, have got emas.
Eslatmalar
- have got va have bir xil maʼnoda: I've got a sister = I have a sister. Britaniyada ogʻzaki nutqda have got koʻp uchraydi. Lekin oddiy have bilan savol va inkor do orqali tuziladi: Do you have a pen? I don't have a pen.
- Qisqa shakllar: I've got, she's got. Diqqat: she's got = she has got, she is emas.
- have got faqat hozirgi zamonda ishlatiladi. Oʻtgan zamonda had deyiladi: I had a dog when I was little.
- Harakatlar uchun have got emas, faqat have: I have breakfast at eight.
Keng tarqalgan xatolar
- ✗ She have got a dog. ✓ She has got a dog.
he, she, it bilan has got ishlatiladi. - ✗ Have you got a pen? — Yes, I have got. ✓ Have you got a pen? — Yes, I have.
Qisqa javobda got aytilmaydi. - ✗ Do you have got a brother? ✓ Have you got a brother?
have got bilan do ishlatilmaydi — have oldinga chiqadi. - ✗ I've got breakfast at eight. ✓ I have breakfast at eight.
Harakat haqida (nonushta qilish) faqat have deyiladi.
Mini test
1. My grandmother ___ a big garden. have got / has got / is got
Javob: has got. My grandmother = she, shuning uchun has got.
2. ___ you got a pencil? — Yes, I have. Do / Are / Have
Javob: Have. have got bilan savolda Have oldinga chiqadi.
3. We ___ a dog, but we've got two cats. haven't got / hasn't got / don't got
Javob: haven't got. we bilan inkor haven't got boʻladi.
4. Has Lola got a phone? — No, she ___. doesn't / hasn't / haven't
Javob: hasn't. Has bilan soʻralgan savolga qisqa javob: No, she hasn't.
5. I ___ a headache. Can I go home? 's got / am / 've got
Javob: 've got. I bilan have got, qisqasi I've got.
По-русски: Have got / has got: «у меня есть»
Чтобы сказать, что у кого есть: вещи, семья, внешность, болезни.
Have got значит «у меня есть»: I've got a bike — У меня есть велосипед. Так говорят о вещах, членах семьи, внешности и болезнях.
С I, you, we, they — have got (кратко 've got), с he, she, it — has got ('s got): She's got long hair.
Отрицание: haven't got / hasn't got. В вопросе have или has выходит вперёд: Have you got a pen? — Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. В кратком ответе got не повторяют.
Сравнение с русским и узбекским
По-русски говорят «У меня есть брат»: владелец стоит в косвенном падеже, а «есть» часто опускают («У меня два брата»). В английском владелец — подлежащее: I've got two brothers. Отсюда дословные ошибки вроде «At me is a brother» или «I two brothers». Вторая ловушка — he, she, it: She has got, а не «She have got».
Bogʻliq mavzular
- Hozirgi oddiy zamon: soʻroq va inkor gaplar A1
- There is / there are: … bor A1
- To be feʼli: am, is, are A1
- Egalik soʻzlari: my, your, his, her A1
Qisqa darslar, 12 ta oʻyin, hikoyalar va oʻzbek yoki rus tilida tushuntiradigan sunʼiy intellekt oʻqituvchisi — A1 dan IELTS gacha. Учите английский с Сафией — на узбекском или русском.