Maʼnosi oʻzgaradigan feʼllar: -ing yoki to

stop, remember, forget, try kabi feʼllardan keyin -ing yoki to tanlash maʼnoni oʻzgartiradi. B2

Koʻp feʼllardan keyin faqat -ing yoki faqat to keladi. Lekin ayrim feʼllar ikkalasini ham oladi va maʼno oʻzgaradi. Eng muhimlari: remember, forget, stop, try.

remember / forget + -ing — oʻtmishga qarash: ish allaqachon boʻlgan. I remember meeting her = uni uchratganimni eslayman. remember / forget + to — bajarilishi kerak boʻlgan ish: Remember to call Grandma = buvimga qoʻngʻiroq qilishni unutma.

stop + -ing — faoliyatni toʻxtatish: He stopped playing games (endi oʻynamaydi). stop + to — biror ishni qilish uchun toʻxtash: He stopped to answer the phone (telefonga javob berish uchun toʻxtadi).

try + to — qiyin ishni qilishga harakat qilish: I tried to open the window, but it was stuck. try + -ing — tajriba sifatida sinab koʻrish: Try opening the window — maybe it will help.

Shakllar

remember / forget: oʻtmish yoki vazifa

remember / forget + verb-ing = the action happened before
remember / forget + to + verb = a task you must still do

I remember meeting her at the bazaar. Remember to call Grandma!

stop: tashlash yoki toʻxtash

stop + verb-ing = finish an activity
stop + to + verb = pause in order to do something

He stopped playing games. He stopped to answer the phone.

try: harakat yoki sinov

try + to + verb = make an effort (it is difficult)
try + verb-ing = do something as an experiment

If you can't sleep, try reading a book.

Qachon ishlatiladi

remember: -ing — oʻtmishdagi xotira; to — bajarish kerak boʻlgan ish

I remember visiting Khiva when I was six. — Olti yoshimda Xivaga borganimni eslayman.
Did you remember to feed the cat? — Mushukka ovqat berishni esingdan chiqarmadingmi?

forget: -ing — oʻtmishdagi voqeani unutish (koʻpincha never bilan); to — ishni qilishni unutish

I'll never forget seeing the sea for the first time. — Dengizni birinchi marta koʻrganimni hech qachon unutmayman.
Don't forget to charge your phone. — Telefoningni quvvatlashni unutma.

stop: -ing — faoliyatni tugatish; to — biror ish uchun toʻxtash

My brother has stopped eating sweets. — Ukam shirinlik yeyishni tashladi.
We stopped to buy some water on the way to Samarkand. — Samarqandga ketayotib, suv olish uchun toʻxtadik.

try: to — qiyin ishga harakat qilish; -ing — yechim sifatida sinab koʻrish

I'm trying to learn 20 new words every day. — Har kuni 20 ta yangi soʻz oʻrganishga harakat qilyapman.
If your laptop is slow, try restarting it. — Noutbuking sekin ishlasa, uni qayta yoqib koʻr.

Oʻzbek tili bilan farqi

Oʻzbek tilida bu farq boshqa qoʻshimchalar bilan beriladi va mantiqi juda oʻxshash: «Eshikni qulflaganimni eslayman» (-ganim — oʻtmish) = remember locking, «Eshikni qulflashni unutma» (-ish — qilinadigan ish) = remember to lock. Stop bilan qiyinroq: «toʻxtadi» ham ishni tashlashni, ham biror ish uchun toʻxtashni bildiradi. Lekin oʻzbekcha shakllar farq qiladi: «non olishni bas qildi» → stopped buying bread, «non olish uchun toʻxtadi» → stopped to buy bread. «uchun» boʻlsa — to.

Eslatmalar

regret + -ing — oʻtmishdagi ishdan afsuslanish: I regret saying that. regret + to — rasmiy yomon xabar: We regret to inform you that the concert has been cancelled.
go on + -ing — oʻsha ishni davom ettirish: She went on talking. go on + to — keyingi ishga oʻtish: After school, she went on to study medicine.
like, love, hate, start, begin, continue feʼllari ikkala shaklni ham oladi, lekin maʼno deyarli oʻzgarmaydi: It started raining = It started to rain.

Keng tarqalgan xatolar

✗ Stop to talk, please — the film is starting. ✓ Stop talking, please — the film is starting.
Gapirishni toʻxtatish kerak — stop + -ing.
✗ I remember to visit Bukhara when I was a child. ✓ I remember visiting Bukhara when I was a child.
Oʻtmishdagi xotira — remember + -ing.
✗ Don't forget locking the door when you leave. ✓ Don't forget to lock the door when you leave.
Hali bajarilishi kerak boʻlgan ish — forget + to.
✗ We stopped buying some water on the way. ✓ We stopped to buy some water on the way.
Suv olish uchun toʻxtadik — maqsad, shuning uchun to.

Mini test

1. I'll never forget ___ the Registan for the first time. to see / seeing / see

Javob: seeing. Oʻtmishdagi esdalik — forget + -ing.

2. Please remember ___ your homework tomorrow. bringing / bring / to bring

Javob: to bring. Ertaga qilinadigan ish — remember + to.

3. We were tired, so we stopped ___ a rest. to have / having / have

Javob: to have. Dam olish uchun toʻxtadik — stop + to.

4. My little brother finally stopped ___ and fell asleep. to cry / crying / cry

Javob: crying. Yigʻlashni bas qildi — stop + -ing.

5. We regret ___ you that the concert has been cancelled. to inform / informing / inform

Javob: to inform. Rasmiy yomon xabar — regret + to.

По-русски: Глаголы, меняющие значение: -ing или to

После stop, remember, forget, try выбор между -ing и to меняет смысл.

После большинства глаголов идёт либо только -ing, либо только to. Но некоторые глаголы берут обе формы, и смысл меняется. Главные из них: remember, forget, stop, try.

remember / forget + -ing — взгляд в прошлое: действие уже произошло. I remember meeting her = помню, как познакомился с ней. remember / forget + to — действие, которое нужно сделать: Remember to call Grandma = не забудь позвонить бабушке.

stop + -ing — прекратить занятие: He stopped playing games (перестал играть). stop + to — остановиться, чтобы сделать что-то другое: He stopped to answer the phone (остановился, чтобы ответить).

try + to — пытаться сделать что-то трудное: I tried to open the window, but it was stuck. try + -ing — попробовать как способ, эксперимент: Try opening the window — maybe it will help.

Сравнение с русским и узбекским

В русском разницу передают разные конструкции: «помню, как закрывал дверь» = remember locking, «не забудь закрыть дверь» = remember to lock. Русскоязычные часто ставят инфинитив везде, потому что в русском после «помнить» и «забыть» он привычен: I remember to see him — ошибка. Со stop помогает русский: «перестать что-то делать» = stop + -ing, «остановиться, чтобы…» = stop + to. А try — это два русских глагола: «пытаться» = try to, «попробовать (как способ)» = try + -ing.

Bogʻliq mavzular

Ingliz tilini Safiya bilan oʻrganing

Qisqa darslar, 12 ta oʻyin, hikoyalar va oʻzbek yoki rus tilida tushuntiradigan sunʼiy intellekt oʻqituvchisi — A1 dan IELTS gacha. Учите английский с Сафией — на узбекском или русском.

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