Hozirgi davomli zamon kelajak maʼnosida

Vaqti va joyi oldindan kelishilgan kelajak rejalari uchun. A2

Present Continuous faqat «hozir» haqida emas. U kelajak haqida ham gapira oladi — agar reja aniq boʻlsa va boshqa odamlar bilan kelishilgan boʻlsa: vaqt belgilangan, chipta olingan, doʻst bilan uchrashuv kelishilgan. I'm meeting Aziz at six — biz kelishib qoʻyganmiz.

Tuzilishi oddiy Present Continuous bilan bir xil: am / is / are + feʼl + -ing. Faqat gapda kelajak vaqti boʻlishi kerak: tonight, tomorrow, on Friday, next week. Vaqt soʻzi boʻlmasa, gap odatda «hozir» deb tushuniladi.

Bu shakl ayniqsa dam olish kunlari, kechqurun va yaqin kunlardagi rejalar haqida soʻraganda koʻp ishlatiladi: What are you doing this weekend?

Shakllar

Tasdiq gap

I + am + verb-ing + future time
he / she / it + is + verb-ing + future time
you / we / they + are + verb-ing + future time

We're flying to Istanbul on Friday.

Inkor gap

subject + am not / isn't / aren't + verb-ing + future time

I'm not going to school tomorrow — it's a holiday.

Soʻroq gap

Am / Is / Are + subject + verb-ing + future time?
Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.

Are you doing anything on Saturday evening?

Qachon ishlatiladi

Kelishilgan rejalar: vaqt va joy aniq

I'm seeing the dentist on Monday at ten. — Dushanba kuni soat oʻnda tish shifokoriga boraman.
My grandparents are coming to visit us next week. — Keyingi hafta bobom va buvim bizni koʻrgani kelishyapti.
We're playing against School 110 on Saturday. — Shanba kuni 110-maktabga qarshi oʻynaymiz.

Boshqalarning rejalari haqida soʻrash

What are you doing tonight? — Bugun kechqurun nima qilyapsan?
Is Malika coming to your birthday party? — Malika tugʻilgan kuningga keladimi?
When are you leaving for Samarkand? — Samarqandga qachon ketyapsan?

Oʻzbek tili bilan farqi

Oʻzbek soʻzlashuvida ham -yap- kelajak uchun ishlatiladi: «Ertaga Samarqandga ketyapmiz». Ammo koʻpincha oddiy shakl aytiladi — «Ertaga Samarqandga ketamiz», va oʻquvchilar uni «We go to Samarkand tomorrow» deb tarjima qiladi. Inglizchada bu notoʻgʻri: kelishilgan reja uchun We're going to Samarkand tomorrow. Yana bir xato — am / is / are shakllarini tushirib qoldirish: «We visiting grandma on Sunday».

Eslatmalar

Vaqt soʻzi muhim: I'm playing football — hozir oʻynayapman. I'm playing football tomorrow — ertaga oʻynayman (kelishilgan).
going to bilan farqi kichik: going to — oʻzingiz qaror qilgan niyat (I'm going to read more books). Present Continuous — boshqalar bilan kelishilgan, vaqti aniq reja (I'm meeting Sardor at five). Kelishilgan rejalarda ikkalasi ham toʻgʻri.
Jadval va dasturlar (poyezd, dars, kino seansi) uchun Present Simple ishlatiladi: The train leaves at 7:30. The lesson starts at nine.
Bashorat uchun bu shakl ishlatilmaydi: ob-havo bilan kelishib boʻlmaydi. Toʻgʻri: It's going to rain tomorrow. Notoʻgʻri: It's raining tomorrow.

Keng tarqalgan xatolar

✗ I meet my friends tomorrow at six. ✓ I'm meeting my friends tomorrow at six.
Kelishilgan reja — Present Continuous, Present Simple emas.
✗ What do you do on Saturday? ✓ What are you doing on Saturday?
What do you do? — odat yoki kasb haqida. Aniq shu shanbadagi reja uchun — are you doing.
✗ It's snowing tomorrow. ✓ It's going to snow tomorrow.
Ob-havo kelishilmaydi — bashorat uchun going to yoki will.
✗ We visiting grandma on Sunday. ✓ We're visiting grandma on Sunday.
am / is / are tushib qolmasin.

Mini test

1. I can't come to the party. I ___ my cousins on Saturday. visit / am visiting / visits

Javob: am visiting. Shanba uchun kelishilgan reja — Present Continuous.

2. What ___ this evening? are you doing / do you do / you doing

Javob: are you doing. Bugungi kechqurun rejasi haqida soʻrash — are you doing.

3. We ___ to Samarkand by train on Friday. We've got the tickets. goes / go / are going

Javob: are going. Chipta olingan — kelishilgan reja, Present Continuous.

4. Look at the sky. I think it ___ tomorrow. is raining / is going to rain / rains

Javob: is going to rain. Ob-havo haqida bashorat — going to, Present Continuous emas.

5. ___ Sardor playing football with us tomorrow? Is / Does / Are

Javob: Is. Sardor = he, playing bilan Is kerak.

По-русски: Present Continuous в значении будущего

Для планов на будущее, о которых уже договорились: время и место известны.

Present Continuous говорит не только о «сейчас». Им можно говорить и о будущем — если план точный и согласован с другими людьми: время назначено, билеты куплены, с другом договорились о встрече. I'm meeting Aziz at six — мы уже договорились.

Строится так же, как обычный Present Continuous: am / is / are + глагол + -ing. Только в предложении должно быть указание на будущее: tonight, tomorrow, on Friday, next week. Без него фраза обычно понимается как «сейчас».

Эта форма особенно часто звучит, когда спрашивают о планах на выходные, на вечер и на ближайшие дни: What are you doing this weekend?

Сравнение с русским и узбекским

Здесь русский очень похож на английский: мы тоже говорим о будущем в настоящем времени — «Завтра я лечу в Москву», «В субботу мы идём в кино». Ловушка в том, что русское настоящее время переводят через Present Simple: «Tomorrow I fly to Moscow». Для личных договорённостей в английском нужен Present Continuous: I'm flying to Moscow tomorrow. В таких фразах Present Simple о будущем используют только для расписаний: The plane leaves at 8.

Bogʻliq mavzular

Ingliz tilini Safiya bilan oʻrganing

Qisqa darslar, 12 ta oʻyin, hikoyalar va oʻzbek yoki rus tilida tushuntiradigan sunʼiy intellekt oʻqituvchisi — A1 dan IELTS gacha. Учите английский с Сафией — на узбекском или русском.

Bepul boshlash Ilovani yuklab olish