Savol qoʻshimchalari (question tags)

Toʻgʻri deb oʻylagan narsangizni tekshirish yoki suhbatdoshning roziligini kutish uchun. B1

Question tag — gap oxiridagi qisqa savol: It's cold today, isn't it? Uni biror narsani tekshirish yoki suhbatdoshdan rozilik kutish uchun ishlatamiz — oʻzbekchadagi «shundaymi?», «-a?» kabi.

Qoida: tasdiq gapdan keyin inkor tag, inkor gapdan keyin tasdiq tag keladi. You're tired, aren't you? You aren't tired, are you?

Tagda gapdagi yordamchi feʼl (be, have, can, will…) takrorlanadi, ega oʻrniga esa olmosh qoʻyiladi: Ali can swim, can't he? Yordamchi feʼl boʻlmasa, do / does / did olinadi: She lives here, doesn't she?

Ohang ham muhim: ovoz pasaysa — siz ishonasiz va rozilik kutasiz; ovoz koʻtarilsa — haqiqatan soʻrayapsiz.

Shakllar

Tasdiq gap → inkor tag

positive sentence, + auxiliary + n't + pronoun?

It's cold today, isn't it?

Inkor gap → tasdiq tag

negative sentence, + auxiliary + pronoun?

You don't eat meat, do you?

Yordamchi feʼl yoʻq boʻlsa

Present Simple → don't / doesn't + pronoun?
Past Simple → didn't + pronoun?

Your brother plays chess, doesn't he?

Qachon ishlatiladi

Toʻgʻri deb oʻylagan narsangizni tekshirish

You're from Samarkand, aren't you? — Sen samarqandliksan, shundaymi?
The test is tomorrow, isn't it? — Test ertaga, toʻgʻrimi?
You haven't seen my charger, have you? — Quvvatlagichimni koʻrmagansan, a?

Suhbatni davom ettirish va rozilik kutish (ovoz pasayadi)

It's a lovely day, isn't it? — Ajoyib kun, a?
That match was amazing, wasn't it? — Oʻyin zoʻr boʻldi, toʻgʻrimi?

Yordamchi feʼl boʻlmasa — do / does / did

She lives near you, doesn't she? — U senga yaqin joyda yashaydi, shundaymi?
You called me last night, didn't you? — Kecha kechqurun menga qoʻngʻiroq qilgansan, shundaymi?
They don't like spicy food, do they? — Ular achchiq taomni yoqtirmaydi, shundaymi?

Oʻzbek tili bilan farqi

Oʻzbek tilida bunday savol bitta oʻzgarmas soʻz bilan beriladi: «shundaymi?», «toʻgʻrimi?», «-a?», «-ku»: «Bugun sovuq, a?» Ingliz tilida esa tag har safar gapga moslashadi: yordamchi feʼl, zamon, ega va inkor oʻzgaradi — isn't it, don't you, didn't she, can't he. Shuning uchun hamma joyda isn't it? deyish odatiy xato. Yana bir tuzoq — javob: «Goʻsht yemaysan, shundaymi?» — «Ha, yemayman». Inglizchada esa No, I don't, chunki javob faktga qaraydi: yemasangiz — No.

Eslatmalar

Maxsus holatlar: I am → aren't I? (I'm late, aren't I?); Let's → shall we? (Let's go, shall we?); buyruq gap → will you? (Close the door, will you?).
never, nothing, nobody, hardly gapga inkor maʼno beradi, shuning uchun tag tasdiq boʻladi: He never calls, does he? Nothing happened, did it?
Tagda this / that oʻrniga it, everyone, somebody, nobody oʻrniga esa they qoʻyiladi: That's your bag, isn't it? Everyone's here, aren't they?
Javob faktga qarab beriladi: You don't eat meat, do you? — No, I don't (goʻsht yemayman). Yes, I do esa «yeyman» degani.

Keng tarqalgan xatolar

✗ You live in Tashkent, isn't it? ✓ You live in Tashkent, don't you?
Gapda live (Present Simple) bor, demak tag — don't you.
✗ She can swim, can she? ✓ She can swim, can't she?
Tasdiq gapdan keyin inkor tag keladi.
✗ He didn't come, didn't he? ✓ He didn't come, did he?
Inkor gapdan keyin tasdiq tag keladi.
✗ 'You don't eat meat, do you?' 'Yes, I don't.' ✓ 'You don't eat meat, do you?' 'No, I don't.'
Javob faktga qarab beriladi: yemasangiz — No, I don't.

Mini test

1. Your sister is a doctor, ___? is she / isn't she / doesn't she

Javob: isn't she. Tasdiq gap, is bilan → isn't she.

2. You don't like football, ___? do you / don't you / are you

Javob: do you. Inkor gap (don't) → tasdiq tag do you.

3. They went to Bukhara last summer, ___? weren't they / don't they / didn't they

Javob: didn't they. went — Past Simple, yordamchi feʼl yoʻq → didn't they.

4. I'm in your group, ___? isn't it / aren't I / am I

Javob: aren't I. I am bilan inkor tag — aren't I.

5. Nobody called me, ___? did they / didn't they / did he

Javob: did they. nobody inkor maʼno beradi, shuning uchun tag tasdiq; nobody → they.

По-русски: Разделительные вопросы

Чтобы проверить то, что вы считаете верным, или получить согласие собеседника.

Question tag — короткий вопрос в конце предложения: It's cold today, isn't it? Мы используем его, чтобы что-то проверить или получить согласие собеседника — как русские «да?», «не так ли?».

Правило: после утверждения идёт отрицательный «хвостик», после отрицания — утвердительный. You're tired, aren't you? You aren't tired, are you?

В «хвостике» повторяется вспомогательный глагол из предложения (be, have, can, will…), а подлежащее заменяется местоимением: Ali can swim, can't he? Если вспомогательного глагола нет, берём do / does / did: She lives here, doesn't she?

Важна и интонация: голос понижается — вы уверены и ждёте согласия; повышается — вы действительно спрашиваете.

Сравнение с русским и узбекским

В русском такие вопросы задают одним неизменным словом: «да?», «правда?», «не так ли?», «ведь»: «Сегодня холодно, да?» В английском «хвостик» каждый раз подстраивается под предложение: меняются вспомогательный глагол, время, лицо и отрицание — isn't it, don't you, didn't she, can't he. Поэтому частая ошибка — ставить isn't it? везде. Вторая ловушка — ответ: «Ты не ешь мясо, да? — Да, не ем». По-английски нужно No, I don't: ответ согласуется с фактом, а не с собеседником.

Bogʻliq mavzular

Ingliz tilini Safiya bilan oʻrganing

Qisqa darslar, 12 ta oʻyin, hikoyalar va oʻzbek yoki rus tilida tushuntiradigan sunʼiy intellekt oʻqituvchisi — A1 dan IELTS gacha. Учите английский с Сафией — на узбекском или русском.

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