Safiya
Be supposed to: kutilgan va belgilangan ish
Qoida, reja yoki kutilgan narsa haqida gapirish uchun — koʻpincha haqiqatda boshqacha boʻlganda. B2
Be supposed to + feʼl — nima boʻlishi kerakligi, kutilayotgani yoki rejalashtirilgani. Bu qoidalar, kelishuvlar yoki boshqalarning kutishi haqida, sizning shaxsiy fikringiz emas. Koʻpincha haqiqat boshqacha ekanini bildiradi: The bus is supposed to come at eight (lekin hali yoʻq).
Asosiy maʼnolar: qoida va majburiyat (We're supposed to wear a uniform), reja (The match is supposed to start at seven), odamlar nima deyishi (This café is supposed to be very good — «aytishlaricha»).
was / were supposed to — rejalashtirilgan edi, lekin boʻlmadi: I was supposed to call you, but I forgot. not supposed to — mumkin emas, ruxsat yoʻq, lekin mustn't soʻzidan yumshoqroq: You're not supposed to use phones in class.
Be feʼli doim kerak: I am supposed to, she is supposed to. Supposed oxiridagi -d talaffuzda deyarli eshitilmaydi, lekin yozuvda albatta boʻladi.
Shakllar
subject + am / is / are + supposed to + verbWe're supposed to be at school by eight.
subject + am not / isn't / aren't + supposed to + verbYou aren't supposed to eat in the library.
Am / Is / Are + subject + supposed to + verb?
(Wh-word) + am / is / are + subject + supposed to + verb?What time are we supposed to arrive?
subject + was / were (not) + supposed to + verbI was supposed to call you yesterday, but I forgot.
Qachon ishlatiladi
Qoidalar va majburiyatlar (koʻpincha ular buzilganda)
- Students are supposed to switch off their phones during exams. — Imtihon paytida oʻquvchilar telefonlarini oʻchirishlari kerak.
- You're not supposed to park here. — Bu yerda mashina qoʻyish mumkin emas.
Rejalar va kutilgan narsalar (koʻpincha boshqacha boʻlib chiqadi)
- The bus is supposed to come every ten minutes, but I've been waiting for half an hour. — Avtobus har oʻn daqiqada kelishi kerak, lekin men yarim soatdan beri kutyapman.
- The match is supposed to start at seven. — Oʻyin soat yettida boshlanishi kerak.
Odamlar nima deyishi («aytishlaricha»)
- This new café is supposed to have the best samsa in town. — Aytishlaricha, bu yangi kafeda shahardagi eng mazali somsa bor.
- Carrots are supposed to be good for your eyes. — Sabzi koʻzga foydali deyishadi.
was / were supposed to — reja bor edi, lekin amalga oshmadi
- We were supposed to fly to Istanbul on Monday, but the flight was cancelled. — Dushanba kuni Istanbulga uchishimiz kerak edi, lekin reys bekor qilindi.
- You were supposed to tell me! — Menga aytishing kerak edi-ku!
Oʻzbek tili bilan farqi
Oʻzbek tilida bu maʼno turli soʻzlar bilan beriladi: «-ishi kerak», «-ishi kerak edi», «aytishlaricha», «mumkin emas». Ingliz tilida bularning hammasi bitta be supposed to bilan aytiladi. Koʻp uchraydigan xato — be feʼlini tushirib qoldirish, chunki oʻzbekchada hozirgi zamonda «boʻlmoq» aytilmaydi: «I supposed to go» emas, I'm supposed to go. Ikkinchi xato — -d qoʻshimchasini yozmaslik, chunki u talaffuzda eshitilmaydi.
Eslatmalar
- should va must bilan farqi: should — sizning fikringiz (You should sleep more), must — kuchli majburiyat, supposed to — boshqalar belgilagan qoida yoki kutish, koʻpincha bajarilmaydigan.
- Talaffuzda «supposta» kabi eshitiladi: -d va to qoʻshilib ketadi. Lekin yozuvda doim supposed to.
- Oddiy suppose feʼli boshqa maʼnoda — «deb oʻylamoq»: I suppose you're right.
- IELTS Speaking boʻlimida qoidalar va kutishlar haqida gapirishga qulay: In my school, we were supposed to wear a uniform, but…
Keng tarqalgan xatolar
- ✗ I supposed to be at home by ten. ✓ I'm supposed to be at home by ten.
be feʼli shart: am / is / are supposed to. - ✗ We are suppose to wear a uniform. ✓ We are supposed to wear a uniform.
Doim supposed — oxirida -d bilan. - ✗ The train must arrive at six, but it's late. ✓ The train is supposed to arrive at six, but it's late.
Jadval boʻyicha kutilgan narsa — supposed to, must emas. - ✗ You aren't supposed use your phone here. ✓ You aren't supposed to use your phone here.
supposed soʻzidan keyin to kerak.
Mini test
1. We ___ supposed to bring our own lunch on the trip. are / do / have
Javob: are. be supposed to — be feʼli bilan.
2. I ___ to meet Kamola at five, but I missed the bus. supposed / was supposed / am suppose
Javob: was supposed. Reja bor edi, lekin boʻlmadi — was supposed to.
3. You're not supposed ___ photos in the museum. take / taking / to take
Javob: to take. supposed + to + feʼl.
4. This book is supposed ___ really funny — all my friends loved it. to be / be / being
Javob: to be. Odamlar nima deyishi — is supposed to be.
5. 'Why aren't you at the lesson?' 'Oh no! I ___ there at nine!' supposed to be / am suppose to be / was supposed to be
Javob: was supposed to be. Dars allaqachon boshlangan, reja bajarilmadi — was supposed to.
По-русски: Be supposed to: «должен», «предполагается»
Чтобы говорить о правилах, планах и ожиданиях — часто когда на деле всё иначе.
Be supposed to + глагол — то, что должно произойти, ожидается или запланировано. Это о правилах, договорённостях или ожиданиях других людей, а не о вашем личном мнении. Часто подразумевается, что на деле всё иначе: The bus is supposed to come at eight (а его всё нет).
Основные значения: правило и обязанность (We're supposed to wear a uniform), план (The match is supposed to start at seven), то, что говорят люди (This café is supposed to be very good — «говорят, что»).
was / were supposed to — было запланировано, но не случилось: I was supposed to call you, but I forgot. not supposed to — нельзя, не разрешается, но мягче, чем mustn't: You're not supposed to use phones in class.
Глагол be нужен всегда: I am supposed to, she is supposed to. Конечное -d в supposed почти не слышно, но на письме оно обязательно.
Сравнение с русским и узбекским
В русском эти значения разбросаны: «должен» (по правилам), «должен был, но…» (план не выполнен), «говорят, что…», «нельзя». Слово «должен» толкает переводить всё через must: «Поезд должен прийти в шесть» → The train must arrive at six — это звучит как строгий приказ. Правильно: The train is supposed to arrive at six. А «я должен был позвонить, но забыл» — это I was supposed to call, а не I must call. Также русскоязычные часто теряют be: I supposed to…
Bogʻliq mavzular
- Must va have to: majburiyat A2
- Maslahat: should, ought to, had better B1
- Should have / shouldn't have: afsus va tanqid B2
- Oʻtmishdagi kelasi zamon B2
Qisqa darslar, 12 ta oʻyin, hikoyalar va oʻzbek yoki rus tilida tushuntiradigan sunʼiy intellekt oʻqituvchisi — A1 dan IELTS gacha. Учите английский с Сафией — на узбекском или русском.